专利摘要:
A feed and knife drum assembly for a forage harvester (10) comprises a knife drum (22) in a knife drum housing (34), feed rollers (30, 32) in a feed roller housing (36) and a pivot bearing (42) which is used for maintenance and repair purposes Pivoting of the pre-press roller housing (36) with respect to the knife drum housing (34) optionally about a vertical and a horizontal axis. The pivot bearing (42) comprises a vertical element (46), an intermediate element (44) and a horizontal element (48), of which the vertical element (46) can be pivoted about a vertical axis of rotation relative to the intermediate element (44) and the horizontal element (48) is pivotable about a horizontal axis of rotation relative to the intermediate element (44). The vertical element (46) is provided with an indentation (54) into which the horizontal element (48) engages, so that the vertical element (46) can only be removed from the intermediate element (44) when the horizontal element (48) is not coupled to the intermediate element (44).
公开号:BE1021835B1
申请号:E2013/0732
申请日:2013-10-30
公开日:2016-01-21
发明作者:Joshua D Bacon;Lawhorn Patrick Mc
申请人:Deere & Company;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

Feed and knife drum assembly for a forage harvester
The invention relates to a feeder and knife drum assembly for a forage harvester, comprising: a cutterhead disposed in a cutterhead housing, pre-press rollers for conveying and pre-compaction of crop to be chopped, which are arranged in a pre-press roller housing, and a pivot bearing adapted for maintenance and Repairing allows pivoting of the Vorpresswalzengehäuses relative to the cutterhead housing selectively about a vertical and a horizontal axis, wherein the pivot bearing comprises a vertical member, an intermediate member and a horizontal member, the vertical member is pivotable relative to the intermediate member about a vertical axis of rotation and the horizontal element opposite the intermediate element is pivotable about a horizontal axis of rotation.
State of the art
Forage harvesters are used for harvesting whole plants or their parts, which are picked up by a field in operation by means of a header, compressed by pre-press rolls and fed to a knife drum whose chopping blades cut the plants in cooperation with a counter knife. Subsequently, the cut plants or parts are optionally fed to a conditioning device and conveyed by a Nachbeschleunigungseinrichtung in an ejection manifold, which overloads them on a transport vehicle. The harvested plants are usually used as cattle feed or for biogas production.
The pre-compression rollers are usually mounted in a separate housing, which is mounted for maintenance and repair purposes against the cutterhead housing movable. EP 0 300 299 A1 describes such a forage harvester in which the pivot axis of the pre-press roller housing is pivotable about a vertical axis relative to the cutterhead housing. This pivot axis extends according to DE 100 21 661 A1 horizontally, so that the pre-press roller housing can be pivoted forward and downward and forms a V-shaped gap between the Vorpresswalzengehäuse and the cutterhead housing in the open position. In DE 103 07 836 A1, these movements are using a ball joint to support the
Compression roller housing combined with respect to the cutterhead housing, so that the pre-press roller housing can be moved around a pivotable axis down and out to the maintenance position.
In practice, the possibility of selectively swiveling the pre-press roller housing in the manner of a window about a horizontal or a vertical axis (ie only one axis at a time), while the pivoting about both axes simultaneously (according to DE 103 07 836 A1) is not needed. A regarded as generic forming forage harvester with such Verschwenkungsmöglichkeit is currently offered by the company. Claas (Prospectus Claas Jaguar 980, etc. 2012, printing notice 201011010911 KKME 1011/000 248 751.5, page 33, see also http://www.claas.com / cl-pw / en / products / feldhaecksler / iaauar 980-930 / video animation / ani wartunq / startbpSite = 43108, subiect = aaravis.html), to which the pre-press roller housing and the cutterhead housing are connected at their lower sides by a hinge having a vertical, connected to the Vorpresswalzengehäuse sleeve comprises, is rotatably mounted in which connected to the cutterhead housing bolt to pivot the Vorpresswalzengehäuse about the vertical axis to the outside can. This bolt, in turn, is rotatably coupled at its upper end about a horizontal axis to a horizontal pivot connected to the pre-press roller housing to allow the pre-press roller housing to be folded down about the horizontal axis. Depending on the desired pivoting direction, a locking of the pre-press roller housing is released about the desired axis, wherein a rotatable, second support is maintained about the desired pivot axis above the pin or on the underside of the Vorpresswalzengehäuses. Here, the pivot bearing with the two pivot axes is to be regarded as relatively complex, because the vertical bolt is by complex measures against accidental release, as it is e.g. may be caused by vibration generated during operation to secure.
task
The problem underlying the invention is seen to provide a feeder and knife drum assembly for a forage harvester, which does not have the disadvantages mentioned above or to a lesser extent. solution
This problem is inventively solved by the teaching of claim 1, wherein in the other claims features are listed, which further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.
An infeed and knife drum assembly for a forage harvester includes a cutterhead disposed in a cutterhead housing, pre-press rollers for conveying and pre-compacting crop to be chopped, which are disposed in a pre-press roller housing, and a pivot bearing for pivoting the pre-press roller housing for servicing and repair purposes optionally allows the cutterhead housing by an at least approximately vertical and an at least approximately horizontal axis. The pivot bearing comprises a vertical element, an intermediate element and a horizontal element, of which the vertical element is pivotable relative to the intermediate element about an at least approximately vertical axis of rotation and the horizontal element is pivotable relative to the intermediate element about an at least approximately horizontal axis of rotation. The vertical element is provided with a recess in which the horizontal element engages, so that the vertical element can only be removed from the intermediate element when the horizontal element is not coupled to the intermediate element.
In this way it is achieved that the horizontal element forms a support or locking device for the vertical element, since, since the horizontal element extends into a recess in the vertical element, the latter can only be removed when the horizontal element has been removed from the intermediate element. This eliminates the need for elaborate measures to ensure that the vertical element does not accidentally come off the intermediate element.
The vertical element and / or the horizontal element can be rotatably mounted on the intermediate element. However, it would be possible, especially in the case of the horizontal element, to make it in two parts, so that a first portion of the horizontal element is non-rotatably (ie rigidly but removably) attached to the intermediate element and the rotational movement about the at least about horizontal axis between the first area and a second area of the horizontal element takes place.
The intermediate member may be provided with an at least approximately vertical opening or bore into which the vertical member extends and an at least approximately horizontal opening or bore into which the horizontal member extends.
The vertical element is expediently connected to the cutterhead housing by means of a releasable holder. This holder can thus be removed from the cutterhead housing, e.g. upon release of a threaded connection between the support and the cutterhead housing, wherein the pre-press roller housing is otherwise to be supported, e.g. by means of a suitable support carriage or a forklift or front loader or with any locking mechanism (eg claws) designed to lock the cutterhead housing to the pre-press roller housing. In order to disassemble the vertical element now (after prior removal of the horizontal element from the intermediate element), it makes sense to make the vertical element in the form of a cylindrical, provided with the indentation and a head bolt. The bolt extends through an opening in the holder and the head abuts against the holder from above. The vertical bolt can also be designed without a head, since the bolt is indeed held by the indentation and the horizontal element.
The horizontal element is suitably releasably attached to the intermediate element. Thereby, after separating the holder from the cutterhead housing, the connection between the intermediate element and the horizontal element can be released and the intermediate element with the holder can be separated from the pre-press roller housing and the cutterhead housing in order finally to be able to remove the vertical element from the intermediate element. The detachable connection between the horizontal element and the intermediate element may, for example, be such that the horizontal element (or a component associated therewith) abuts one on one side of the intermediate element and on the other side of the intermediate element the head of one in a thread of the horizontal element screwed in (or a washer fitted to the screw). After unscrewing the screw, the holder can be removed with the intermediate element (coupled by the vertical element with the intermediate element) from the cutterhead housing and the horizontal element and thus from the pre-press roller housing coupled to the latter, and finally the vertical element is pulled out of the intermediate element. The reassembly is done in reverse order and direction. Of course, it is also possible to exchange the described arrangement of the horizontal element and the holder, i. releasably attach the bracket to the pre-press roller housing and connect the horizontal member to the cutterhead housing.
The intermediate element may be cuboid.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a further vertical pivot bearing and a further horizontal pivot bearing for supporting the Vorpresswalzengehäuses relative to the cutterhead housing about the vertical or horizontal axis are provided for the purpose of selective pivoting of the Vorpresswalzengehäuses only about the horizontal or only about the vertical axis disengaged can be brought. The further vertical pivotal mounting can be realized by a pin which extends through an opening in a bearing plate connected to the pre-press roller housing and through an opening in a bearing plate connected to the cutterhead housing and is arranged coaxially with the vertical element. When the pre-press roller housing is to be pivoted about the horizontal axis, the pin is simply pulled out. The further horizontal pivot bearing can be realized by claws, which are mounted rotatably about a horizontal axis on the cutterhead housing and engage in the locking position, the horizontal element or a coaxial extension, which is rigidly secured to the Vorpresswalzengehäuse. The jaws serve as a pivot bearing when pivoting the pre-press roller housing about the horizontal axis and can be brought into a disengaged position when the pre-press roller housing is to be pivoted about the vertical axis.
Working Example
In the drawings, three embodiments of the invention described in more detail below are shown. It shows:
1 is a schematic side view of a forage harvester,
2 is a side view of the pre-press roller housing and the cutterhead housing in the closed position.
3 is an enlarged view of the intermediate member, the vertical member and the horizontal member of the storage of Vorpresswalzengehäuses on the cutterhead housing,
Fig. 4 is a front view of the Vorpresswalzengehäuses and the
Knife drum housing in the closed position,
5 shows an enlarged view of the horizontal element and a claw pivotally mounted on the knife drum housing for rotatably supporting the horizontal element,
Fig. 6 is a side view of the Prepresswalzengehäuses and the
Knife drum housing in the open position about the horizontal axis,
Fig. 7 is a plan view of the Vorpresswalzengehäuses and the
Knife drum housing in the open position about the vertical axis,
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of a pivot bearing, and
9 is a sectional view of a third embodiment of a pivot bearing from behind.
A self-propelled forage harvester shown in Figure 1 builds on a frame 12 supported by powered front wheels 14 and steerable rear wheels 16. The operation of the forage harvester 10 takes place from a driver's cab 18, from which a harvesting attachment 20 suitable for harvesting stalk-like plants can be viewed. By means of the header 20, which in the illustrated embodiment is a row-independently working maize header, picked up from the ground Good, z. B. corn, is fed through upper, biased by spring downward biasing rollers 30 and lower pre-compression rollers 32 a cutterhead 22, which chops it into small pieces and gives it a Nachbeschleunigungseinrichtung 24. The chopping blades distributed around the circumference of the cutterhead 22 cooperate with a counter cutter to chop the product. The crop leaves the harvester 10 to a trailer on the way via an adjustable in its position discharge 26. Between the cutterhead 22 and the conveyor 24 extends a conditioning with two conditioning rollers 28, 28 ', through which the material to be conveyed of the conveyor 24 tangentially is supplied. In the following direction statements refer - unless otherwise stated - as from, behind, left and right on the forward direction V of the harvester 10, which runs in the figure 1 from right to left.
The cutterhead 22 is disposed within an associated cutterhead housing 34 which is separated from a pre-press roller housing 36 by an approximately vertical separation line 38. A grinder 40 is connected to the cutterhead housing 34 but protrudes into the pre-press roller housing 36.
As will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 7, the pre-press roller housing 36 is movably arranged relative to the cutterhead housing 34 in order to remove it (after removal of the header 20 from the pre-press roller housing 36) for maintenance and / or repair purposes from that shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 to be able to spend in an open position (Figures 6 and 7). There are thus two selectively engageable open positions provided, the Vorpresswalzengehäuse is pivoted in the figure 6 about a horizontal axis down and in the figure 7 is pivoted laterally about a vertical axis. However, the two pivoting options are generally not feasible at the same time, although this would also be conceivable in principle.
The support provided between the cutterhead housing 34 and the pre-press roller housing 38 includes a pivot bearing 42 which allows selective pivoting about the two mentioned axes. The pivot bearing 42 comprises an intermediate member 44, a vertical member 46 and a horizontal member 48. The intermediate member 44 is here cuboid, although it also has any other shape and e.g. could be executed as a welded assembly. The intermediate member 55 is provided with a vertical opening or bore in which the vertical member 46 extends and a horizontal opening or bore in which the horizontal member 48 extends. The vertical element 46 is designed as a bolt with a head 50 and a cylindrical body 52 having a recess 54. In this indentation 54, the horizontal element 48 penetrates, as shown in the figure 3.
The intermediate element 44 is arranged in the vertical direction between two horizontal legs of a holder 56. The legs are in turn connected to each other by a vertical plate 58, which are screwed by screws 60 to a connected to the cutterhead housing 34 retaining plate 62. The vertical element 46 extends above and below the intermediate element 44 through holes or openings in the horizontal legs of the holder 56 and lies with its head 50 from above on the upper leg of the holder 56 at. The vertical element 46 also extends slightly below the lower leg of the holder 56. The vertical
Element 46 may also terminate flush with the outer surface of the lower and / or upper leg of the support 56 (the head 50 is generally not needed because the vertical element 46 is axially constrained by the indentation 54 and the penetrating portion 48 'of the horizontal member 48). That is, in the vertical direction, the head 50 facilitates the correct vertical alignment of the vertical member 46).
The horizontal member 48 extends across the width of the pre-press roller housing 36.
The horizontal element 48 is cylindrical or tubular (at least in the region where the jaws 74 engage) and bears laterally against the intermediate element 44, since its part 48 'extending into the intermediate element 44 is provided opposite the remaining reduced-diameter horizontal element 48, why the part 48 'turned off or made as a separate component and connected to the rest of the horizontal element 48, in particular can be welded. The part 48 'is provided with a thread from the outside into which a screw 64 (see FIG. 4) extends whose head (or a washer arranged between the head and the intermediate element) rests on the intermediate element 44 from the outside , The intermediate member 44 is thus fixed in the lateral direction relative to the horizontal member 48, but can rotate relative to the horizontal member 48 about the horizontal and transverse to the forward axis of the horizontal member 48. The horizontal element 48 is similar by connecting elements 66 in the form of sheets, consoles o. rigidly coupled to the pre-press roller housing 36. Furthermore, the pre-press roller housing 36 is supported on jaws 74, which are pivotally mounted on the cutterhead housing 34 about horizontal, transverse to the forward direction axes, as indicated in the figure 5 by the arrow. In addition, the pre-press roller housing 36 is supported on jaws (not shown) welded firmly to the cutterhead housing 34, which allow pivoting of the pre-press roller housing 36 about the vertical axis.
At the top of the Vorpresswalzengehäuse 36 and the cutterhead housing 34 are pivotally connected by a pin 68 with each other about a vertical, coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the vertical member 46 axis. The pin extends through an opening or bore in a horizontal bearing plate 70 connected to the cutterhead housing 34 and an opening or bore in a horizontal bearing plate 72 connected to the pre-press roller housing 36 and abuts the upper bearing plate 70 from above with its head , The bearing plates can also be designed tab-shaped.
The operation of the pivot bearing 42 and the other two bearings, the pivoting of the Vorpresswalzengehäuses 36 about the vertical axis (bearing plates 70, 72 with the pin 68) and a pivoting about the horizontal, transverse to the forward axis (horizontal member 48 with the jaws 74), after all this is as follows:
In normal operation, the jaws 74 surround the horizontal member 48 and secure the pre-press roller housing 36 against rotation about the vertical axis. At the same time, the pin 68 with the bearing plates 72, 70 secures the pre-press roller housing 36 against rotation about the horizontal axis. The pre-press roller housing 36 is thus locked on the cutterhead housing 34. There could be added other releasable detents, e.g. at the top between the pre-press roller housing 36 and the cutterhead housing 34, and / or at the left side in FIG. 4.
Now, if the Vorpresswalzengehäuse 36 are folded downwards, as shown in Figure 6, the pin 68 is pulled upwards (optionally below) from the openings of the bearing plates 70, 72 after the header 20 has been separated from the Vorpresswalzengehäuse. Then, the pre-press roller housing 36 can be pivoted about the horizontally and transversely to the forward axis of the horizontal member 48, for which purpose, for safety reasons, an actuator, e.g. a hydraulic cylinder or a winch is used between the pre-press roller housing 36 and the cutterhead housing 34 (or the frame 12 of the forage harvester 10) to adequately and slowly perform the lowering of the pre-press roller housing 36. In this case, the horizontal element 48 rotates on the one hand with respect to the jaws 74 and on the other hand with its part 48 'in the intermediate element. After completion of the work, the pre-press roller housing 36 is raised again and the pin 68 is attached. The state / process of Figure 6 can also be brought about / performed with mounted header 20.
If the pre-press roller housing 36 is to be pivoted about the vertical axis forward, as shown in Figure 7, the claws 74 are brought out of engagement with the horizontal member 48. Then, the pre-press roller housing 36 can be rotated about the vertical axes of the pin 68 and the vertical member 46. Again, a power-operated actuator can be used. The return movement takes place in the reverse direction and finally the claws 74 are returned to the position shown in FIG.
The indentation 54 and the penetrating part 48 'of the horizontal element 48 prevent with relatively little effort that the vertical element 46 can be released during operation by vibrations then occurring from the intermediate element 44. To disassemble the pivot bearing 42, after removal of the header 20, the latter is to be supported by the pre-press roller housing 36, e.g. through a mobile rack or a forklift or front loader. Then the jaws 74 are released and the pin 68 removed. Before or after, the screws 60 are removed to disconnect the bracket 56 from the support plate 62 of the cutterhead housing 34 and unscrew the screw 64 from the portion 48 'of the horizontal member 48. The screw 64 can also be disassembled before the screws 60. Now, the holder 56 can be removed with the intermediate element 44 from the part 48 'and finally the vertical element 46, in the indentation 54 now the part 48' is no longer located, are pulled out of the holder 56 and the intermediate member 44. The assembly takes place in reverse order and direction.
FIG. 8 shows a second embodiment of a pivot bearing 42. Elements which correspond to the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals. In contrast to the first embodiment, however, the part 48 'of the horizontal element 48, which cooperates with the vertical element 46, extends on both sides of the indentation 54. The part 48' is thus forked open. The indentation 54 is realized by a cylindrically turned-off section (annular groove) of the vertical element 46. Alternatively, the vertical element 46 could also be milled flat on both sides in order to realize the indentation 54. In order to realize the rotatability of the horizontal member 48 about the horizontal axis, in this embodiment, a rotatable bearing (not shown) would still be provided between the part 48 'and the actual horizontal member 48, or the horizontal member 48 as a whole against the Vorpresswalzengehäuse 36th to be rotatable about a horizontal axis. The pivot bearing 42 is - unlike that of Figure 2 to 7 - provided for attachment to the right side of the Vorpresswalzengehäuses 36 and the cutterhead housing 34; if it is to be attached to the left side, it would be mirrored around the vertical axis. This shape of the pivot bearing 42 can be secured by a at the end face of the part 48 'mounted screw 64 (not shown) and possibly with an arranged between the head and the intermediate element washer, wherein the screw 64 in a thread in one of Leg of the part 48 'is screwed.
Figure 9 shows a sectional view through a third embodiment of a pivot bearing 42, which is based on the second embodiment and shown cut in a vertical, transverse to the forward direction plane. Unlike the first embodiment of Figure 3, in which the vertical member 46 conforms radially to the peripheral surface of the portion 48 'of the horizontal member 48, and in contrast to the embodiment of Figure 8, in which the vertical member 46 on the side surfaces of the fork of the part 48 'is applied, here lies the indentation 54 of the vertical element 46 on the end face of the part 48'. The indentation 54, which is embodied here in the vertical element 46 and embodied here as an annular groove, surrounds the part 48 'from above and below, so that, as the intermediate element 44 encloses the part 48', this securing achieves securing of the vertical element 46 becomes. In the embodiment shown in Figure 9, the screw 64 and possibly an associated disc omitted. The portion 48 'is (unlike the embodiment of Figure 8) rotatable in the pivot bearing 42, so that discussed with respect to the embodiment of Figure 8 pivot bearing between the part 48' and the horizontal member 48 (or between the element 48 and the Vorpresswalzengehäuse 36th ) is not needed.
It should be noted that various modifications of the illustrated embodiment are possible. Thus, instead of the indentation 54 extending around its circumference, the vertical element 46 shown here as being rotationally symmetrical could also be provided with a notch on only one side. Then, by suitable means (e.g., a protruding ridge below the head 50 which engages a groove in the upper leg of the bracket 56) it would be ensured that the vertical member 46 is installable only in the proper rotational position. Also could - in reversal of the illustrated arrangement - the holder 56 are connected to the Vorpresswalzengehäuse 36 and the horizontal member 48 with the cutterhead housing 34. It would be possible to mount the pivot bearing 42 and the pin 68 with the bearing plates 70, 72 instead of at the forward left V side of the forage harvester 10, as shown in FIGS. 2-7, on the forward right V side of the forage harvester 10 , Finally, the bearing plate 72 may be mounted above the bearing plate 70.
权利要求:
Claims (10)
[1]
claims
An infeed and knife drum assembly for a forage harvester (10) comprising: a cutterhead (22) disposed in a cutterhead housing (34), pre-press rollers (30, 32) for conveying and precompacting crop to be chopped in a pre-press roller housing (36) are arranged, and a pivot bearing (42), which allows for maintenance and repair purposes pivoting of the Vorpresswalzengehäuses (36) relative to the cutterhead housing (34) optionally about a vertical and a horizontal axis, wherein the pivot bearing (42) is a vertical Element (46), an intermediate element (44) and a horizontal element (48), the vertical element (46) is pivotable relative to the intermediate element (44) about a vertical axis of rotation and the horizontal element (48) opposite the intermediate element (44) is pivotable about a horizontal axis of rotation, characterized in that the vertical element (46) is provided with a recess (54) into which the h orizontal element (48) engages, so that the vertical element (46) is removable from the intermediate element (44) only when the horizontal element (48) is not coupled to the intermediate element (44).
[2]
2. Draw and knife drum assembly according to claim 1, wherein the vertical element (46) and / or the horizontal element (48) is rotatably mounted on the intermediate element (44) / is.
[3]
The draw and knife drum assembly of claim 1 or 2, wherein the intermediate member (44) is provided with a vertical opening in which the vertical member (46) extends and a horizontal opening into which the horizontal member (48 ) extends into it.
[4]
4. Draw and knife drum assembly according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the vertical element (46) via a releasable support (56) is connected to the cutterhead housing.
[5]
5. The puller and knife drum assembly of claim 4, wherein the vertical member (46) is a cylindrical bolt having the recess (54) and a head (50), the bolt extending through an opening in the bracket (56) and the head (50) rests against the holder (56) from above.
[6]
6. Draw and knife drum assembly according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the horizontal element (48) is releasably secured to the intermediate element (44).
[7]
A pull-in and knife drum assembly according to claim 6, wherein the horizontal member (48) abuts one side of the intermediate member (44) and the other side of the intermediate member (44) through the head of a threaded member of the horizontal member (48). screwed in (64) is held.
[8]
8. pull-in and knife drum assembly according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the intermediate element (44) is cuboidal.
[9]
9. draw and knife drum assembly according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a further vertical pivot bearing and a further horizontal pivot bearing for supporting the Vorpresswalzengehäuses (36) relative to the cutterhead housing (36) are provided about the vertical or horizontal axis, for the purpose of selective pivoting of the Pre-press roller housing (36) are disengageable only about the horizontal or only about the vertical axis.
[10]
10. forage harvester (10) with a collection and knife drum assembly according to one of claims 1 to 9.
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同族专利:
公开号 | 公开日
DE102012220339B4|2021-06-17|
DE102012220339A1|2014-05-08|
引用文献:
公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
EP0300299A1|1987-07-20|1989-01-25|Deere & Company|Feed roll and cutterhead assembly|
DE10021661A1|2000-05-04|2001-11-15|Krone Bernhard Gmbh Maschf|Harvester, especially self-propelled forage harvesters|
DE10307836A1|2003-02-25|2004-09-09|Claas Saulgau Gmbh|Forage harvester|
DE102015106898A1|2015-05-04|2016-11-10|Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh|Self-propelled forage harvester|
法律状态:
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
DE102012220339.7A|DE102012220339B4|2012-11-08|2012-11-08|Feed and knife drum assembly for a forage harvester|
DE102012220|2012-12-08|
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